The following Tile Guide Specification is an excerpt from the 2002 Specification Guide 09300 Tile Installation Manual.
Tile Guide Specification
1
General
1.1
SECTION INCLUDES
.1
Floor tile.
.2
Wall tile.
.3
Ceiling tile.
.4
Tile base, treads and trim.
1.2
RELATED SECTIONS
SPEC
NOTE: Edit to suit.
.1
Section [03300 - Cast In Place Concrete:] [03350 - Concrete
Finishing:] concrete floor finishing.
.2
Section 05510 - Metal Stairs: tread reinforcing.
.3
Section 06100 - Rough Carpentry: plywood subfloor and
underlayment.
.4
Section 07900 - Joint Sealers.
.5
Section 09250 - Gypsum Board: [gypsum board] [cementitious
backer unit] [coated glass mat backer board]
SPEC
NOTE: Edit to suit project requirements.
Delete standards that do not apply to the project.
1.3
REFERENCES
.1
ASTM A82/185: Reinforcing Welded Galvanized Wire
Fabric/Mesh.
.2 ANSI
A108-1999: American
National Standard Specifications for the Installation of Ceramic Tile
.3 ANSI
A118.1-1999: Dry-Set Portland Cement.
.4 ANSI
A118.2-1999: Conductive Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar.
.5 ANSI
A118.3-1999: Water Cleanable Tile Setting and Grouting Epoxy.
.6 ANSI
A118.4-1999: Latex-Portland Cement Mortar.
.7 ANSI
A118.5-1999: Furan Mortars and Grouts.
.8 ANSI
A118.6-1999: Ceramic Tile Grouts.
.9 ANSI
A118.7-1999: Polymer Modified Cement Grouts
.10 ANSI A118.8-1999: Modified Epoxy Emulsion Mortar/Grout.
.11 ANSI A118.9-1999: Cementitious Backer Units (CBU).
.12 ANSI
A118.10-1993: Load
Bearing, Bonded, Waterproof Membrane for Thin-set Ceramic Tile
and
Dimensional Stone Installations.
.13 ANSI
A118.11-1999: Exterior Grade Plywood (EGP) Latex-Portland Cement
Mortar.
.14 ANSI A136.1-1999: Organic Adhesive.
.15 ASTM C144-99:
Standard Specification for Masonry Aggregates.
.16 ASTM C207-91
(1992): Standard
Specification for Hydrated Lime.
.17 ASTM C503-99: Standard Specification for Marble Dimension Stone.
.18 ASTM C568-99: Standard Specification for Limestone Dimension
Stone.
.19 ASTM C615-99: Standard Specification for Granite Dimension Stone.
.20 ASTM C627-93: Standard Method for Evaluating Ceramic Floor Tile
Installation Systems.
.21 ASTM C648-84: Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of
Ceramic Tile.
.22 ASTM C241:
Abrasion Resistance.
.23 ASTM C36-97: Gypsum Board.
.24 ASTM C616-99: Standard Specification for Quartz-Based Dimension
Stone.
.25 ASTM C629-99: Standard Specification for Slate Dimension Stone.
.26 ASTM C847-95: Standard Specification for Reinforcing Metal Lath.
.27 ASTM C1028-89:
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Static Coefficient of Friction
of Ceramic Tile.
.28 ASTM C1178-96:
Glass Mat Water Resistant Gypsum Backing Board.
.30 ASTM C171 D4397
ASTM D226: Cleavage Membrane
.31 CAN/CSA-A5-93: Portland Cement.
.32 CSA A123.3-98: Asphalt Saturated Organic Roofing Felt.
.33
CSA O121‑M1978: Exterior Grade Douglas Fir Plywood.
.34
CSA 0151: Canadian Softwood Plywood
.35
CSA 0153: Poplar Plywood
.36
CAN/CSA-0325.0: Construction Sheathing
.37 CSA 0437.0:
Oriented Strandboard
.38 CAN/CGSB-25.20-95:
Surface Sealer for Floors.
.39 CAN/CGSB-51.34-M86:
Vapour Barrier, Polyethylene Film for Use in Building Construction.
.40 CAN/CGSB‑75.1‑M88:
Tile, Ceramic.
.41 CAN/ULC 5701 Type
4: Rigid Polystyrene Insulation
.42 Terrazzo Tile
& Marble Association of Canada (TTMAC): Tile Specification Guide
09300/2002.
.43 Terrazzo, Tile
and Marble Association of Canada 2000 Maintenance Guide.
SPEC
NOTE: Specify quantity and size of samples required and whether they
are to be mounted on panels, with specified grout.
1.4
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
.1 Static
Coefficient of Friction: Tile installed on walkway surfaces shall have
the following values as determined by testing identical products per
ASTM C1028.
1.1
Level Surfaces: Minimum 0.5 dry.
1.2
Step Treads: Minimum 0.6 dry.
1.3
Ramp Surfaces: Minimum 0.6 dry.
SPEC
NOTE: Tile as well as total assembly must be able to meet or surpass
the testing requirements under conditions similar to actual specified
usage or environments.
.2 Traffic
Level Performance: floor tiles to meet [extra heavy] [heavy]
[moderate] [light] [residential] traffic level performance passing
ASTM C627, cycles 1 through [14] [12] [10], as described in TTMAC Tile
Specification Guide 09300.
2.1
Extra Heavy: Passes cycles 1 through 14.
2.2
Heavy: Passes cycles 1 through 12.
2.3
Moderate: Passes cycles 1 through 10.
2.4
Light: Passes cycles 1 through 6.
2.5
Residential: passes cycles 1 through 3.
.3 Exterior
tiles provided for Work in this Section to be frost resistant in
accordance with CAN/CGSB 75.1 and shall have a moisture absorption
rating of 3.0% or less.
1.5
SAMPLES
.1
Submit samples to requirements of Section [01300] [01001].
.2
Samples: [305 x
305] [___ x ___] mm size panel [c/w approved grout colour]; mounted to
a [19] [___] mm thick plywood backer.
SPEC
NOTE: Shop drawings are generally only required for unusual conditions
such as tile for pools, special mosaics and other installations
requiring details.
1.6
SHOP DRAWINGS
.1
Submit shop drawings to requirements of Section [01001] [01300]
[_____].
.2
Shop Drawings: indicate swim lines, terminal, targets, pool
markings, and special patterns. Include
locations and details for all proposed control joints.
1.7
SUBMITTALS
.1
Submit four copies of TTMAC Maintenance Guide for inclusion in
the operations and maintenance manual prepared and submitted in
Section [01001] [01700]. Give
specific warning of any maintenance practice or materials that may
damage or disfigure the finished work.
.2
Submit product data [and WHMIS MSDS] sheets for floor sealer
products.
.3 Where
more than one manufacturer's products are part of a single tile
assembly, arrange for each manufacturer to
submit
a written statement of compatibility with respect to the other
manufacturers’ materials.
SPEC
NOTE: Include paragraphs which provide the criteria, limitations and
standards to establish a minimum level of quality that manufacturers’
and applicators can be evaluated for compliance with requirements of
the project.
1.8
QUALITY ASSURANCE
.1
Installer: Employ skilled mechanics trained and experienced in
tile work, company must be registered as members in good standing with
the Terrazzo, Tile and Marble Association of Canada, with a minimum of
two years [proven] experience. If
requested by Consultant, submit a listing of at least three previously
completed projects of similar size and scope.
.2 Supplier: A member in good standing with the Terrazzo, Tile and Marble Association of Canada, providing materials meeting the minimum standards of TTMAC.
.3
Consultant: Specifications and compatibility to be submitted to
the TTMAC through the Verispec Program.
Cost to be carried by the trade contractor.
1.9
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
.1
Do not install tiles at temperatures less than [12 degrees C]
[55 degrees F] or above [38 degrees C] [100 degrees F]
.2
Maintain temperatures at or above [12 degrees C] [55 degrees F]
until cementitious materials have fully cured.
.3
Do not apply epoxy mortar and grouts at temperatures below [18
degrees C] [65 degrees F] or above [35 degrees C] [95 degrees F].
1.10
DELIVERY STORAGE AND HANDLING
.1
Store materials in a dry area, protected from freezing,
staining and damage.
.2 Store cementitious materials on a dry surface.
1.11
EXTRA MATERIALS
.1
Provide extra stock to requirements of Section [01700] [01001].
.2
Extra Stock: [4 m2] [40 ft2] or 2
percent, whichever is the greater, of each type and colour of tile;
clearly marked to identify:
.1
Manufacturer's name
.2
Product's name
.3
Product colour and pattern
.3
Package tile products neatly in original containers, to prevent
damage.
2
Products
2.1
MANUFACTURERS
.1
Manufacturers of [ceramic] [granite] [limestone] [marble]
[slate] tile having Product considered acceptable for use:
.1
[_____].
.2
[_____].
.2
Manufacturers of mortar and grout having Product considered
acceptable for use:
.1
[_____].
.2
[_____].
.3
[_____].
.3
Substitutions: refer to Instructions to Bidders and Section
[01600] [01001] [_____].
SPEC
NOTE: Preselect and name exact tile, stair treads and/or trim required
wherever possible. Otherwise
specify standard, type, class, size, colour, and pattern.
Refer to TTMAC Tile Specification Guide 09300/2002.
2.2
TILE MATERIALS
.1
Ceramic [Floor] [Wall] Tile: [___ x ___] mm size, [___] mm
thick; to CAN/CGSB-75.1-M, Type [____], Class MR[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
[6] [7]; [_____] by [_____], [_____] colour [as selected by
Consultant].
.2
Marble Tile: [___ x ___] mm size, [_____] mm thick; to ASTM
C503; [_____] by [_____], [_____] colour [as selected by Consultant].
.3
Limestone Tile: [___ x ___] mm size, [_____] mm thick; to ASTM
C568, Class III - High Density; [_____] by [_____], [_____] colour [as
selected by Consultant].
.4
Granite Tile: [___ x ___] mm size, [_____] mm thick; to ASTM
C615; [_____] by [_____], [_____] colour [as selected by Consultant].
.5
Slate Tile: [___ x ___] mm size, [_____] mm thick; to ASTM
C629; [_____] by [_____], [_____] colour [as selected by Consultant].
.6
Base: coved; type, size, colour and texture to match adjacent
flooring material.
.7
Stair Treads: bull nosed edge, [non‑slip surface],
matching floor tile, sized to suit stair tread configuration.
SPEC
NOTE: It is recommended
the following materials are supplied by a single source manufacturer.
2.3
MORTAR, ADHESIVE AND GROUT MATERIALS
.1
Portland Cement: to CAN/CSA-A5, Type 10.
.2
Hydrated Lime: to ASTM C207, Type [N] [NA] [S] [SA].
.3
Sand: to ASTM C144, passing 16 mesh.
.4
Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar: to ANSI A118.1.
.5
Latex-Portland Cement Mortar: to ANSI A118.4.
.6
Commercial Portland Cement Grout: to ANSI A118.6.
.7
Latex-Portland Cement Grout:
to ANSI A118.6.
.8
Polymer Modified Grout: to ANSI A118.7
.9
Epoxy Adhesive and Grout:
to ANSI A118.3.
.10
Modified Epoxy Emulsion Mortar: to ANSI A118.8
.11
Furan Mortars and Grout: to
ANSI A118.5.
.12
Exterior Grade Plywood (EGP) Latex-Portland Cement Mortar: to
ANSI A118.11.
.13 Organic Adhesive: to ANSI A136.1
2.4
ACCESSORIES
.1
Underlayment: [as specified under Section 06100.] [[16 mm]
[5/8"] thick Douglas Fir plywood, to CSA O121.]
.2
Cleavage Membrane: [[0.10 mm] [4 mil] thick polyethylene film,
to CAN/CGSB-51.34-M] [asphalt saturated roofing felt, to
CSA A123.3, Type 1].
.3
Metal Lath: galvanized type, 1.4 kg/m3 to ASTM C847.
.4
Reinforcing Mesh: [51 x 51 mm] [2" x 2"] mesh size,
fabricated from 1.6 mm thick galvanized steel wire; welded fabric
design.
.5
Latex Additive: formulated for use in Portland cement mortars
and grouts.
.6
Organic Adhesive: to ANSI A136.1, Type [1] [2].
.7
Water: potable, clean and free of chemicals and contaminants
detrimental to mortar or grout mixes.
.8
Thresholds: [_________] marble, [__________] mm thick, [rounded
edges] [bevelled [one side] [two sides]], honed finish on exposed
surfaces, size to suit door opening and frame width.
.9
Transition Strips: purpose made metal extrusion; [stainless
steel] [brass] [zinc] [anodized aluminium] type.
.10
Reducer Strips: purpose made metal extrusion; [stainless steel]
[brass] [zinc] [anodized
aluminium] type; maximum slope of 1:2.
.11
Prefabricated Movement Joints: purpose made, having a Shore A
Hardness not less than 60 and elasticity of plus or minus 40 percent
when used in accordance to TTMAC Detail 301MJ-2002.
.12
Joint Sealant: as specified under Section 07900.
.13
Sealer: to CAN/CGSB-25.20, Type [1] [2]; as recommended by tile
manufacturer.
2.5
MIXES
.1
Scratch Coat (by volume): 1 part Portland cement, 4 parts sand,
and latex additive where required by TTMAC Detail.
Premixed mortar may be used per manufacturer’s instructions.
Adjust water volume depending on moisture content of sand to
obtain consistency and workability.
.2
Slurry Bond Coat: mix Portland cement and water to a creamy
paste consistency. Include
latex additive where required by TTMAC Detail.
.3
Mortar Bed for Walls (by volume): 1 part Portland cement, 4
parts sand, and latex additive where required by TTMAC Detail.
Premixed mortar may be used per manufacturer’s instructions.
Adjust water volume depending on moisture content of sand to
obtain consistency and workability.
.4
Levelling Coat (by volume): 1 part Portland cement, 4 parts
sand, and latex additive where required by TTMAC Detail.
Premixed mortar may be used per manufacturer’s instructions.
.5
Mortar Bed for Floors: 1 part Portland cement, 4 parts sand,
and latex additive where required by TTMAC Detail.
Premixed mortar may be used per manufacturer’s instructions.
Adjust water volume depending on moisture content of sand to
obtain consistency and workability.
When mixed with water the mortar bed shall be of such a
consistency and workability that will allow maximum compaction during
tamping of the mortar bed, and achieve a minimum compressive strength
of 15 MPa (2000 psi) after 28 days.
A stronger mix can be achieved by adding latex to the water.
3
Execution
3.1
EXAMINATION
.1
Verify existing conditions are ready to receive work.
.2
Ensure substrate surfaces are clean, dimensionally stable,
cured and free of contaminants such as oil, sealers and curing
compounds.
.3
Ensure that concrete has been allowed to cure for a minimum of
28 days (preferably 90 days or longer).
.4
Ensure concrete floors have not been treated with curing
compounds.
.5
Ensure concrete floors scheduled to receive thin-set applied
tile or cleavage membranes are steel trowelled to a fine broom finish.
Ensure concrete slabs have been finished with a maximum
permissible variation of 6 mm in 3049 mm from the required plane and
not more than 2 mm in 305 mm when measured from high points in the
surface.
.6
Ensure concrete floors scheduled to receive tile applied over a
bonded mortar bed have been screed finished.
Verify substrate surface variation does not exceed 6 mm in 3049
mm.
.7
Notify Consultant in writing of unacceptable substrate
conditions. Beginning of
installation implies acceptance of existing conditions.
3.2
PREPARATION
.1
Protect surrounding work from damage or disfiguration.
.2
Thoroughly clean existing surfaces that are to receive tile
finish to ensure the removal of all grease, oil or dust film.
SPEC
NOTE: delete the following paragraph if no wood subfloor.
.3
Securely screw underlayment to subfloor, smooth face up. Space
sheets 6 mm apart.
.4
Apply a latex cementitious levelling coat wherever a slight
substrate irregularity exists. Limit levelling coat thickness to less than 8 mm
where thin-set tile methods are to be used.
A levelling coat in excess of 8 mm shall be set with a mortar
bed method.
.5
Install cleavage membrane over structural concrete slab.
If a cleavage membrane is being applied over a rough surface,
apply a 6 mm thick sand-bed under the cleavage membrane.
SPEC
NOTE: Where finished tile floors are to be flush with adjacent floors,
ensure that concrete slabs have been designed to be depressed the
thickness of the mortar bed, bond coat and tile.
3.3
APPLICATION
.1
Install materials to requirements of TTMAC Tile Specification
Guide, as scheduled below.
.2
Fit tile units around corners, fitments, fixtures, drains and
other built-in objects to maintain uniform joint appearance.
.3
Make cut edges smooth, even and free from chipping.
Do not split tile.
.4
Lay out tiles according to drawings and patterns so that
perimeter and all cut tiles are no less than half size.
.5
Prior to installation ensure that the back of each tile is free
of contaminants.
.6
For tile with raised or textured backs, bonding material must
be evenly dispersed and pressed into the back of the tile to ensure a
minimum of 95% coverage. Set
tile in place while bond coat is wet and tacky, prior to skinning
over. Notch bond coat in
horizontal straight lines and set on the freshly set bonding material
while moving (sliding) tile back and forth at 90° to the notches.
Ensure corner and edges are fully supported by bonding
material. Avoid lippage.
.7
Clean excess bonding material from surface prior to final set.
.8
Sound tiles after setting materials have cured and replace
hollow sounding tile before grouting.
.9
Use sufficient bond coat to ensure minimum 80% contact.
Bonding material must be evenly dispersed and pressed into the
back of the tile.
.10
Bond coverage of 95% evenly dispersed is required for tile
larger than 305 mm x 305 mm, tile used in wet areas or exterior, and
for tile used in areas rated Heavy or Extra Heavy Duty.
To help ensure coverage [backbuttering] or [notch the bond coat
in straight lines and move the tile back and forth perpendicular to
notches when setting] are two techniques that can be used
.11
Keep two-thirds of the depth of grout joints free of setting
material.
.12
Protect exposed edges of floor tile with appropriately sized
transition strips. Provide
reducer strips where uneven transitions between 6 mm and 12.5 mm
occur.
3.4
CONTROL JOINTS
SPEC
NOTE: Verify that the location of expansion, control, cold or seismic
joints are indicated on the drawings.
Use the following table to determine placement of control and
expansion joints on the drawings.
If not included on drawings, consider including table as part
of specification.
Environment
Minimum
Maximum
Joint
Width
Interior
4878 mm
6098 mm
6 mm minimum
Interior/Sunlight
3659 mm
4878 mm
6 mm minimum
Exterior
– Normal
2439 mm
3659 mm
10 mm minimum
Exterior – Excessive 2439 mm 3049 mm 13 mm minimum
.1
Install control joints and expansion joints in tile work in
accordance with TTMAC Detail 301MJ-2002.
.2
Keep all control and expansion joints free of setting
materials.
3.5
GROUTING
SPEC
NOTE: Epoxy grout must be installed in a dust free environment and
protected for 7 days.
.1
Allow proper setting time prior to grouting.
.2
Pre-seal tiles requiring protection from grout staining.
.3
Force grout into joints to ensure dense finish.
.4
Remove excess and polish with clean cloths.
SPEC
NOTE: Inspection may be
part of the Verispec Program provided by the TTMAC.
3.6
FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
.1
Inspect completed work and replace broken, cracked, hollow
sounding or damaged tile.
3.7
TOLERANCES
.1
Set and level tile flush with adjacent tile (lippage 1 mm
tolerance over a 3 mm joint).
3.8
CLEANING
.1
Apply floor sealer in accordance with manufacturer's
instructions.
3.9
PROTECTION
.1
Protect finished areas from traffic until setting materials
have sufficiently cured. Refer
to TTMAC Tile Specification Guide 09300/2002.
.2
Protect grouted areas from traffic for 24 hours after grouting.
.3
Provide protective covering in traffic areas until substantial
completion of the work.
.4
Protect wall tiles and bases from impact, vibration, heavy
hammering on adjacent and opposite walls for at least 14 days after
installation.
3.10
SCHEDULE
SPEC
NOTE: Specify TTMAC detail suitable for project.
If more than one method applies, list conditions applicable to
each detail.
.1
Wall Tile: TTMAC
Detail [_____].
.2
Floor Tile: TTMAC Detail [_____].
.3
Ceiling Tile: TTMAC Detail [_____].
END
OF SECTION